Hydroaeroplane.



wILLiam HENRY Noswoarmr AND SAM EL JAMES" rnnsco'rr, or LONDON,ENGLAND.-

I To all whom it ma concern Be it known t at we, WILLIAM HENRYNoswon'rnr' and SAMUEL JAMIES Pnnsoo'r'r, sub'ects of His Majesty theKin of England, residing at London, Englan ,have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Hydroaeroplanes, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to water plane floats forming part of vehiclesintended mainly for air, but adapted to rest on Water, or to makemoderate progress on water, and has for its principal object to modifyor reduce the lift resisting efl'ect of what is commonly called thesuction of the water on such floats, and at the sametime to realize amaximum lateral stability of the machine .When water borne and aprogressive contact from the center outwardly of the floats when themachine is alighting on the water.

By and in accordance with this invention separation of a water planefloat from the water is materially facilitated by substituting for thepresent usual one-sided horizontal flat bottom or under surface of afloat body, a one-sided under surface which inclines from the horizontalin the lateral direction as a continuous or non-stepped slope wherebyindependently of vertical tilting of the float in rising, the area overwhich the suction or cohesion and adhesion of the water isefl'ective,'is gradually or pro gressively. diminished as the floatrises; there being a gradual flow off of the water from the bottom, dueto the inclined formation thereof, throughout the lift. In carrying outthe invention the float is constituted as a pair of spaced landing floatbodies, each of said float bodies having a flat one-sided bottominclined to the horizontal, said bottom surfaces when produced tointersect forming a dihedral angle with the vertex directed downwardly.Thus hypothesizing a lift without any vertical tilting of the float,separation is gradually effected whereas with flat bottom floatsseparation is sudden from over the whole area simultaneously.

' Also a maximum lateral stabilityof the machine when water borne isrealized and a progressive contact of the floats from the facing sidesoutwardly when the machine is alighting on the Water is derived.-

The invention may be conveniently and advantageouslycarried out as shownin thew accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a perspective view ofa water Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed June 11,1914. Serial No. $44,508.;

Patenteunec. 29, 1914.

or hydro-aeroplane illustrating an abreast combination of a pairoffloats according to this invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 a sideelevation of such an abreast combination of floats. Fig. 3 is asectional view of Fig. 2 this showing rather a vdivided boat I likefloat than a combination of twin-boatlike floats. a modified form offloat under the invention. Fig. 5 is an under plane view of the forwardor prow portion of the float accordin to Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a backelevation 0 an abreast combination of a pair'of floats according toFigs. 1, 2, and 3. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of a variant abreastcombination of a pair of floats under the invention. Fig. 8 is a planview of a preferred off of the stern ends of the floats.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 3 and 6, a desig I nates a float body comprisingbraced spars covered with fabric or sheet aluminium or pointing Fig. 4is a transverse section of the like, and constructed with a horizontalupper surface 6, vertical sides 0 0, and an under surface d which isinclined to the horizontal in the lateral direction; thereby forming alateral tapering float-body having a single or one sided inclinedbottom. As illustrated, such a float body will be combined withagenerally similar float body to form an abreast combination which as awhole conforms to the aspect of a divided boat rather than twin boatswith the inclined under surfaces diverging in the upward direction, andwith an appropriate separation giving the desired stability to the floatunit thereby formed. Connection of a pair of float bodies as an abreastcombination may conveniently and advantageously be effected bytransverse members 6. i

The prow and stern portions of the floats will ordinarily be rounded offin the illustratedapproved manner, and in rising from the water it willbe readily understood that in virtue of the inclined under surfaces ofthe floats, the suction or cohesion and I adhesion of the water isgradually orprogressively diminished as the float rises; the flow ofl ofthe water from the bottoms of the float being gradual owing to thelateral inclination whereby the force required to overcome the effect ofsuction is considerably reduced. Pointing off of the rounded stern endof float such as depicted in Fig.

8 further acts desirably in giving a gradual release; the contact areasfinally reducing to a point.

In realizing a float having the aforesaid characteristic of diminishingthe suction effect of the, water in rising, the float isformed asdepicted so as, in a Substantial -measure, to make themsustaining planesfor selfsupport when in the air, whereby the flying qualities of themachine are promoted.' Inthis direction also the upwardly.

diverging inclined surfaces of the abreast combination of floatsconstitute dihedral sustaining surfaces tending to promote stability ofthe machine in the air, and also on the water, and realize a progressivecontact from the facing" sides outwardly when alighting on the water;

' As a variant application of the invention or as a construction whichmay be employed as a single float the arrangement according.

to Fig. 4 may be adopted. In this arrangement the float consists of a'double laterally tapered body 7 having an upper horizontal surface g,vertical sides 72/ k, and under inclined surfaces i which diverge in theupward direction. It is to be observed that the hereinbeforedescribedabreast (SOIH blQEL- tion makes its own keel thereby giving stability onthe water. Fig. 4 illustratesa' modified float under the inventionsuitable as a tail float. This is similar to that previously describedexcept that there is p less separation between the float. bodies and theconnection is by an apertured framing whereby the longitudinal spacingis vente to the atmosphere. This longitudinal spacing is also preferablyprovided with a flared entrance at the curved prow of' the boat (seeFig. 5) in order to promote the passage of air through the vents duringthe linear travel of the float along thewater to thereby facilitate suchtravel, before described with reference to theabreastconibinationillustrated by Figs; 1, 2, 3 and ,6 the float according to Fig. 4 has aform such as to render it effective as a 'sustainingvplane for selfsupport when in the air.

As an illustration that ithe invention is capable of realization withouta specially constructed float the arrangement according to Fig. 7 may beconsidered appropriate. According to this arrangement an abreastcombination of a pair of'ordinary non-laterally tapering float bodiesli's made so that each element of the combinationinclines to thehorizontal in the lateral direction and in combinationformssubstantially the equivalent of the abreast combination depicted byFigs. 1, 2, .3 and I A similar equivalent of the'jfloat constructiondepicted by'Fig. .4 may begobviously realized by apair of non-laterallytapering float bodies. a

Treatment of thefl'oats by coatingwith a material having a-low aflinityforwater will promote scparation and 'as a definite or we claimanddesire to secure by Letters landing float bodies, eachof said floatbodies having a flat one-sided bottom inclined to the horizontal, saidbottom surfaces when producedto intersect forming a dihedral angle withthe vertex directed downwardly. In testimony whereof we aflix oursignatures in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM HENRY NOSWORTHY.

SAMUEL JAMES PRESCOTT. I

Witnesses:

'ARTHim DREIOHLINGER,

i A ERT GEORGE BARNES.

